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Shopping, quantities and absence

Use a small set of genitive phrases instead of guessing endings.

Without and absence

без = without; немає = there is no / there are no. These patterns use genitive: без цукру (without sugar); немає хліба (there is no bread). Do not generalize this to every negative sentence.

Amounts and possession

Learn вода → води, кава → кави, молоко → молока, хліб → хліба, цукор → цукру. склянка води = a glass of water; чашка кави = a cup of coffee. У мене є хліб = I have bread; У мене немає хліба = I have no bread.

Numbers and prices

один, два, три, чотири, п'ять = one to five; гривня is the currency unit. Learn one price set: одна гривня, дві гривні, п'ять гривень. Noun forms after numbers need their own patterns.

Скільки коштує хліб? = How much does the bread cost?