Plain ts, airy ts, and dz

Compare Ծ ծ (plain ts), Ց ց (airy ts), and Ձ ձ (voiced dz). Each combines a stop and friction into one consonant.

One letter, two cases

Compare Ծ ծ (plain ts), Ց ց (airy ts), and Ձ ձ (voiced dz). Each combines a stop and friction into one consonant. Compare the examples side by side. Letter names label the characters; the sound cues explain how to pronounce them.

tsa

Ծ ծ makes ts without a strong puff. Compare aspirated Ց ց and voiced Ձ ձ.

tsa

tso

Ց ց is ts with a puff. Ծ ծ has no strong puff, and Ձ ձ is voiced dz.

tso

dza

Ձ ձ makes dz, as at the end of adds. Compare Ձ Զ and ձ զ.

dza